Prevalence of 24-hour movement behavior guidelines among youth with prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses and anxiety

Abstract

Background: This study examined the prevalence of meeting 24-h movement behavior (24-HMB: physical activity [PA], screen time [ST], and sleep duration [SL]) guidelines in U.S. children and adolescents (youth) with prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses and anxiety, followed by an investigation on its associated prevalence across specific demographic variables (e.g., ethnicity, highest level of education of household members). Methods: Youth (N = 1729) who were prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses and had anxiety were included in this cross-sectional study. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine the odds ratio of meeting 24-HMB guidelines when considering specific sociodemographic factors. Results: Most participants met some proportion of 24-HMB guidelines, with 407 participants (23.54%) meeting two guidelines (PA + ST, PA + SL, and ST + SL), while 103 participants (5.96%) met three guidelines (PA + ST + SL). Furthermore, youth with prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses and anxiety demonstrated a significantly lower prevalence of meeting the combined guidelines (PA + SL, ST + SL, and PA + ST + SL) in relative to the age-matched group without prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses and anxiety (ps < 0.001). Conclusions: Only a small percentage of the U.S. youth with prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses and anxiety met the combined components of 24-HMB guidelines (especially compared with participants without prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses and anxiety). Thus, there is a strong need for public health initiatives to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors in this vulnerable population including higher levels of regular physical activity, lower time spent sedentary and appropriate sleep duration.